What can we learn about ethical issues in private markets from continuation funds?
Continuation funds have become an increasingly prominent feature of private markets, driven by investor demand for liquidity and flexibility. While they can offer pragmatic solutions for fund managers and investors alike, they also raise important ethical questions around conflicts of interest, valuation, governance, and investor protection—particularly as retail participation in private markets grows.
This session will explore how continuation funds operate, what has driven their rapid growth, and what they reveal about wider ethical challenges across private markets. Drawing on the CFA Institute report “Continuation Funds: Ethics in Private Markets, Part I”, the discussion will examine how these structures can be used appropriately and what safeguards are needed to ensure investor interests remain paramount.
This session is designed for members seeking a deeper understanding of evolving private market structures and their ethical implications. Attendees will gain practical insight into:
Learning objectives
By the end of this session, participants will be able to:
Speakers
Nicolo Lussana, CFA, Director Leveraged Finance Credit Risk, NatWest Group
Nicolo Lussana, CFA, is a Director in Leveraged Finance Credit Risk at NatWest Group, where he provides senior independent oversight of sponsor backed leveraged finance transactions and private markets related credit exposures. He holds significant delegated underwriting authority for material credit decisions, with responsibility for complex approvals, portfolio oversight and regulated accountability under the UK SMCR framework.
Nicolo has around 20 years of experience across banking, markets and risk. He began his career in front office research and institutional markets roles covering credit, rates and financing products, before moving into senior risk positions spanning financial institutions, fund financing and structured transactions. He was previously Head of Credit Risk for NatWest Bank Europe, where he helped develop governance and frameworks for activity across leveraged finance, infrastructure and project finance.
He serves on the CFA UK Ethics and Professionalism Steering Committee and is a member of the UK Endorsement Board’s Investor Advisory Group, providing investor perspectives on IFRS standard setting and reporting reform. Nicolo is a CFA charterholder and holds an MSc in Finance from Bocconi University.
Alberto Gallo, CIO and Co founder, Andromeda Capital Management
Alberto Gallo is Chief Investment Officer and Co-founder at Andromeda Capital Management.
Prior to that, Alberto initiated and ran the Global Credit Opportunities fund at Algebris Investments (2016-2022). Previously he ran macro credit research at RBS in London (2011-2016), and served in senior research roles at Goldman Sachs in New York (2008-2011), Bear Stearns in New York and London (2007-2008) and Merrill Lynch in London (2004-2007).
Alberto is a CFA charterholder. He earned an MSc in economics two years ahead of the norm, cum laude, from Bocconi University (2004), where he is now a guest professor in macroeconomics, at the SDA Bocconi School of Management. He has served on the ECB working group for financial stability for nearly ten years.
Olivier Fines, Head of Advocacy and Capital Markets Policy Research, CFA Institute
Olivier Fines, CFA, is head of Advocacy and Capital Markets Policy Research at CFA Institute. With teams based in London, Washington DC, Mumbai and Hong Kong, he leads the effort in researching and commenting on the major trends that affect the investment industry, including policy and regulatory developments as well as well as changes to capital markets structure. The positions taken on these issues and the research pieces that are published are meant to promote the fundamental principles upheld by CFA Institute, that of investor protection, professional ethics, and market integrity.
Olivier joined CFA Institute in March 2019 after a 15-year career in investment management spanning research, portfolio management, product management, and regulatory compliance work at firms based in Paris and London. Prior to joining CFA Institute, he was Head of Risk and Compliance at Rothschild & Co in London for the merchant banking division, focusing on private equity, private debt and alternative investment solutions.
Ken Robinson, CFA, Director of Global Industry Standards,CFA Institute
Ken Robinson is Director of Global Industry Standards at CFA Institute, where he leads outreach initiatives on the GIPS standards, engaging with firms, asset owners, regulators, and industry associations worldwide. He co-authored the report Continuation Funds: Ethics in Private Markets. Previously, Ken was a Director in the investment management audit practice at PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
Ken actively contributes to industry standards through roles on the NCREIF PREA Reporting Standards Task Force Steering Committee and the Performance Measurement Committee of NCREIF. He has also served on CFA Institute’s North American Investment Performance Committee, the GIPS Interpretations Subcommittee, CFA Society Boston’s Quantitative Investing Subcommittee, and the AICPA Investment Performance Standards Task Force.
Ken holds a Bachelor of Science in finance from Indiana University.
Kara Byun, Head of Fintech, Venture & Growth Investments, HSBC Asset Management
Kara Byun is Head of Fintech, Venture & Growth Investments at HSBC Asset Management, where she leads a venture capital capability focused on fintech, insurtech and digital health. She is responsible for investment strategy, capital allocation and portfolio management. Her team works closely with portfolio companies and internal stakeholders to drive commercial partnerships and strategic integration.
Kara has over 20 years’ experience across global markets, asset management and strategic investing. Prior to her current role, she led Capital Markets strategic investments for HSBC’s Global Banking & Markets division. She previously held senior trading and portfolio management roles at HSBC, Goldman Sachs and hedge funds across New York, Tokyo and Hong Kong.
She holds a BA in physics from Harvard University.
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